End Of Mayan Civilization (Unsolved Mystery)

How the Mayan Civilization vanished without leaving a trace how it happened is considered to be the greatest unsolved mystery to the scientist till today. The highly advanced Mayan civilization have the supreme knowledge in various fields like mathematics, astronomy, making astonishing calendars, massive pyramids etc.  

 Mayan Empire was collapsed long back around 800 to 1000 years back long leaving behind monument architecture and pyramids in the Yucatan jungles. According to Archeologist, Mayan civilization believed to be flourished in between 250 A.D and 900 A.D. 

Mayan used very complex writing systems, mastered in mathematics and making of astrological calendars with a precise accuracy. They also built massive pyramids from Yucatan to modern Honduras (all over Central America).

There were various paintings on the walls of pyramids but the scientists are facing difficult to understand the exact meaning of that paintings. Some painin tings describes tells that the royal families made bloodshed brutal sacrifices for contacting gods and these sacrifices are on different days of Mayan Calendar. 

Brutal Sacrifices:

Before sacrificing  sacrificing a human, victim was to paint in blue color and then carrying him to the top of one of the pyramids where the victim would be held down while a priest would cut out the beating heart of the person. 

At the same time remaining priest would skin the victim and give the skin to the priest who would then wear the skin and perform a ritualistic dance in front of the gathered crowd.  

Mayan Calendar: 

Mayan calendar has three separate corresponding calendars. They are-

1. The Long Count Calendar. 

2. The Haab (civil calendar). 

3. The Tzolkin (divine calendar).

These three calendars are used simultaneously. The long count calendar comes then the Haab calendar and at last the Tzolkin calendar. 

The Haab Calendar:

The Haab is a 365 day solar calendar which is divided into 18 months of 20 days each and one month which is only 5 days long (Uayeb). 

The calendar has an outer ring of Mayan glyphs (pictures) which represent each of the 19 months. 

Each day is represented by a number in the month followed by the name of the month. Each glyph represents a personality associated with the month.

The Haab is somewhat inaccurate as it is exactly 365 days long. In today’s Gregorian calendar we adjust for this discrepancy by making almost every fourth year a leap year by adding an extra day, a leap day on the 29th of February.

The Tzolkin Calendar:

The divine calendar is also known as the Sacred Round or the Tzolkin which means "the distribution of the days". 

It is a 260-day calendar, with 20 periods of 13 days used to determine the time of religious and ceremonial events. 

Each day is numbered from one to thirteen, and then repeated. The day is also given a name (glyph) from a sequence of 20 day names. The calendar repeats itself after each cycle.

The Long Count Calendar:

The Long Count is an astronomical calendar which was used to track longer periods of time, what the Maya called the "universal cycle". 

Each such cycle is calculated to be 2,880,000 days (about 7885 solar years). 

The Mayans believed that the universe is destroyed and then recreated at the start of each universal cycle. This belief still inspires a myriad of prophesies about the end of the world.

A typical Mayan date would read: 13.0.0.0.0 4 Ahau 8 Kumku, where

13.0.0.0.0 is the Long Count date.

4 Ahau is the Tzolkin date.

8 Kumku is the Haab date.